May is National Arthritis Awareness Month, a time to recognize the impact of arthritis on millions of lives and to spread hope through education and support. Arthritis is one of the most common chronic conditions in the United States, affecting nearly 1 in 4 adults. Yet, despite how widespread it is, many people still misunderstand what arthritis really is—and what can be done to live well with it.

What Exactly Is Arthritis?

Arthritis isn’t just one disease. It’s a broad term that refers to joint pain, stiffness, or inflammation—and there are over 100 different types. The most common forms include:

• Osteoarthritis (OA): Often related to age or wear and tear, OA causes the cartilage in joints to break down over time.

• Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): An autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the joints, leading to inflammation and joint damage.

• Psoriatic Arthritis, Gout, Lupus-Related Arthritis: Less common types, but just as impactful.

These conditions can cause daily pain, limit mobility, and make once-simple tasks more difficult.

Signs and Symptoms

Arthritis symptoms can vary, but common ones include:

• Joint pain, tenderness, or stiffness

• Swelling in or around joints

• Reduced range of motion

• Fatigue, especially with inflammatory types

Symptoms often come and go and may worsen with weather changes, physical activity, or overuse.

Who Is Affected?

While arthritis is more common in older adults, it doesn’t discriminate by age. It affects men, women, and even children. Risk factors include:

• Age

• Family history

• Previous joint injuries

• Obesity

• Autoimmune conditions

Living Well with Arthritis

While arthritis has no cure, there are many ways to manage the symptoms and improve quality of life:

• Stay Active: Low-impact exercises like walking, swimming, and yoga help maintain joint mobility and strength.

• Maintain a Healthy Weight: Extra pounds add stress to weight-bearing joints.

• Eat Anti-Inflammatory Foods: Diets rich in omega-3s, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help reduce inflammation.

• Use Joint Protection Techniques: Learn ways to move that reduce strain on your joints.

• Seek Support: Connecting with others through arthritis support groups can make a big difference.

Treatment Options

Managing arthritis is often about finding the right combination of strategies. Depending on your diagnosis and symptoms, treatment might include:

• Medication (such as anti-inflammatories or immune modulators)

• Heat and cold therapy

• Assistive devices or bracing

• In some cases, joint injections or surgery

• Physical therapy and Occupational Therapy, which helps improve joint mobility, strengthen muscles, and reduce discomfort through personalized exercise and movement guidance

You’re Not Alone

Living with arthritis can feel frustrating, especially on flare-up days—but there is help. With the right knowledge and support, many people are able to manage their symptoms and stay active and independent.

This Arthritis Awareness Month, take a moment to learn more, check in with your joint health, and reach out for support if you need it. Small steps today can lead to a better quality of life tomorrow.